mixed race psychology | Mixed Roots Stories

I’m Not Confused: Identifying as Mixed Race

These days it has become more common to find mixed roots people who identify as biracial or multiracial. The days of ‘passing’ are a part of American history and unimaginable to most people today. What does this mean culturally and for multiracial people personally? As someone who has always identified as biracial, I wonder about this often. How do we reconcile our individual identities with the realities of society and the way mixed racial identities are perceived? Is that even possible?

A 2015 literature review published in Current Directions in Psychological Science explores the psychology of multiracial identity. One of the findings is that multiracial people can have higher self-esteem if they are raised with an understanding of all of their racial heritage and identify with both parents. When they are asked to choose only one race, they experience a decrease in self-esteem.

Personally, I can identify with those findings. Being asked to choose one race not only doesn’t make sense to me, but is a painful experience because it would mean a part of me is missing, or I am actively rejecting my white mother. I believe it is especially damaging for young people to be told or encouraged to identify with only one part of their background. This is the time when we are forming our sense of selves and starting to figure out who we are. For youth of any race, self-esteem is fragile or nonexistent. Therefore, outside pressures have more influence given this impressionability. When it comes to being mixed race, even adults can have a hard time placing themselves in the world and often default to the path of least resistance, whatever that may be in their environment.

Despite some benefits, having a strong mixed race identity comes with its challenges. As a mixed race family and individual, intolerance can come from all sides. Intolerance from white people is damaging and has the power of institutions behind it, but I’ve found intolerance from black people to be hurtful in a more personal way. All people of color endure racism from the race in power at some point or another. So if I’m rejected by a fellow person of color based on my racial identity where does that leave me? It can be a lonely place to identify as mixed race in a world where external and internalized racism creates an ‘us vs. them’ mentality.

I don’t think any of this is new. The difference could be that now we have the freedom to identify however we want so the issues that always existed are simply out in the open for us all to grapple with. We no longer have to choose one side (though the pressure is still there) and this freedom comes with a need for dialogue and understanding. That’s a challenge that multiracial people face in our culture today. How can we reconcile- within ourselves and others- the divisiveness of racism with our right to accept and love the whole of our identity?

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Aisha Springer is based in Baltimore. Her writing primarily focuses on issues of race, feminism, and personal essay. She is a Contributing Writer for Hashtag Feminism, a blog examining feminist topics through a media lens, has written book reviews for STAND, the ACLU magazine, and was a 2015 Social Good Summit Blogger Fellow for the United Nations Association (UNA-USA). During the day, she works full-time at a civil rights nonprofit.

Aisha has a Master of Public Administration from American University and a B.A. in Spanish and International Affairs from the University of Maryland, Baltimore County.

Academia and the Identity of Mixed-Race Women

I am a 35-year old mixed race woman (Black Jamaican, Nigerian and White British), born and living in Leeds, Yorkshire the UK and I recently completed a counselling diploma. As part of the work I had to do to achieve my diploma I had to do a great deal of work around examining my racial and cultural identity. It was also part of the course requirements that I had to do 20 hours of personal counselling.

I didn’t know it when I started the diploma but I had a massive amount of work that I needed to do around exploring my identity as a mixed race woman. This emerged when I started my personal counselling. I began to realise I had a lot of unresolved feelings around past experiences of racism and the lack of understanding and acknowledgement I had met as a mixed race female. I also needed to look at issues to do with race within my family as well as ancestral baggage. It was extremely difficult, however, for me to find an appropriate counsellor to work with. Prior to starting the counselling it hadn’t really occurred to me that it may be difficult for me to have my counselling needs met if I needed to discuss being mixed race in any detail. My experience (and this includes working with both a white and black counsellor) was that my counsellors really struggled to work with me. My first counsellor defended against hearing my experiences of racism and the second had his own ideas about how I should see myself as a mixed race person which were incompatible with my own views. So after two abortive attempts at counselling I decided to help myself and went away and did a significant amount of reading on mixed race identity. Most of this was academic research from the U.S as research in the U.K on the mixed race population is incredibly thin on the ground. Worryingly there has only actually been one UK academic paper published on mixed race identity and counselling and this was published in 2014!

The reading I did on mixed race research from the U.S was enormously helpful to me. I found quite a lot of it fairly easily online but I did have to buy some books which were often very expensive and in some cases hard to get copies of. The research was somewhat limited in that being mixed race in the UK is obviously different to being mixed race in the US due to different political landscapes and histories. Slavery is much more tangible in the US and this significantly influences perceptions of race there. The UK’s history of slavery and colonialization still massively impacts thoughts around race here but has some different implications for UK Britons of colour. I still found the US research helpful, however, and I did manage to find enough literature on race and cultural issues in general in the UK to receive positive benefits.

Armed with more understanding of myself from the reading I had done I went back into counselling and managed to find a counsellor who did have some specific understanding of mixed race identity. I was able to do some good work on my identity with her.

It feels important to point out though that for counsellors in the UK there is no specific requirement for them to demonstrate any meaningful level of competency or knowledge about working with the mixed race population or working with racial issues in general. My own negative experiences in counselling are certainly not unique and it is widely acknowledged that counsellor training is falling short in preparing counsellors to work competently in this area. I would recommend anyone reading this who is considering counselling around racial issues does their homework regarding their counsellor’s level of skill and comfortability when it comes to the topics of race and culture.

Without the help of reading academic texts on mixed race identity I think my understanding of myself would realistically not have advanced as far as it did. It was crucial for me in developing a fuller understanding of myself as a woman of colour as was my increasing interest in intersectional feminism. Particularly I would say academic research helped me to see my experiences were completely normal and were experienced by many women. The research also gave me ideas about how I could improve my self-esteem and my life.

The problem I would highlight is that reading academic texts can be challenging at times, even for people who have the privilege of a university education. I feel very aware that the mixed race population in the UK will more than likely be deprived of the benefits of academic texts, which would serve them because they are not readily available, not always easy to read and also specifically UK research on mixed race identity is minimal anyway. It takes dedication to commit to searching for appropriate texts.

The answer seems to be that mixed race people urgently need to be more represented in UK social policy and mental health experts need to do the groundwork of converting academic texts on mixed race identity into their practice. We are in a quandary though as for this to happen more academic research on mixed race identity is needed in the UK in the first place. The future for the mixed race population is currently not looking very bright in my opinion where academia is concerned.

The mixed race population is a rapidly growing in Britain and is the third largest ethnic minority group.Both black and mixed race people are over-represented in prisons and the mental health care system. Mixed race people have been reported as more likely to be victims of crime. Mixed race children are the most likely to be put in care and also over-represented in youth justice and child protection systems. I think it’s fair to say right now that academia is definitely failing us.

This piece originally published at the Ain’t I A Woman Collective.

The Mixed Roots Stories team is, like Nicole, eager to see more mixed race representation in global academic discourse. Stay tuned with Mixed Roots Stories this year as we release the Mixed Roots Commons, our forthcoming online forum for invited scholars to gather around central themes and debates taking place in Critical Mixed Race Studies today.

Nicola Codner is 34 years old and currently training to be a person-centred counsellor in Leeds, UK. She is biracial and her heritage is White British and Black Caribbean. She has a strong interest in difference and diversity which led her into re-training as a counsellor. Prior to training as a counsellor she worked as a publisher in academic publishing. She’s keen to continue to develop my writing experience hence part of her interest in blogging. She has a degree in English Literature and Psychology.

In her spare time, she loves reading, music, art, theatre, traveling and cinema

Musings of Mixed Race Therapist in Training

It was difficult to know where to start writing a blog about my experience of being mixed race. I’ll admit I felt over-whelmed. I decided to the easiest thing to do would just be to start where I am which is coming to the end of training to be a counsellor and reflecting on this whole experience. I am a 34 year old woman of Black Jamaican, Nigerian and White British heritage. My father’s heritage is Black Jamaican, Nigerian and White British, my mother is White British. I currently live in Yorkshire in the north of England where I was born and grew up.

Over the last three years I have been doing a counselling diploma in order to have a career change after several years of working in the academic publishing industry (a predominantly white middle class industry which I must admit I felt out of place in at times, arguably though I have moved into a very similar working environment). As part of the counselling training it was necessary to explore all aspects of my identity in order to raise my self-awareness so I can assist my clients in doing the same. As part of examining my identity I have spent a great deal of time exploring what it means to me to be a mixed race woman. It’s been a massive journey for me and of course it never ends. As I look back at my personal history I can see how being mixed race has expanded my perspective in life and added a lot of richness. I also have had to re-visit some of the difficult aspects. I can’t deny I have had that experience of feeling I do not really belong anywhere and still do at times. The flipside is that I can probably fit in in more places and scenes than a lot of other people can and be more comfortable with diversity in general. There have been periods of confusion around my racial identity (probably made more difficult by the stereotype of the tragic and lost mulatto), periods where I have felt angered d limited by the racism and micro-aggressions of others and times when I have faced a severe lack of understanding about what it means to have a mixed race identity in society in general but even within my own family.

The counsellor training was difficult in itself and at the moment I feel I am recovering somewhat from this experience. I suppose I had been somewhat naïve about what training to be a counsellor would be like. Ethnicity, culture and racial diversity were given minimal space on the course (until I launched a long and emotionally costly protest). I spent much of the time in training feeling like I had to educate others about black identity and mixed race identity because there was pretty much nothing in the training that addressed white privilege or the issues of racial minority groups in any kind of meaningful way (except for what I or other racial minority group members were bringing with us). This is horrifying when you think most counsellors are white middle class women and the majority will not have had much reason to spend time meditating on race or the implications of cross-cultural/ racial counselling. It’s well documented (and was also my experience) that counseling trainees struggle to discuss issues around race openly and without fear. This has serious implications for the work we do with clients. I know for myself how difficult and frustrating it can be to find counsellors who can work effectively and non-defensively with the hurt of racism and issues to do with race.

During the course I became aware of the woeful statistics around the over-representation of black and mixed race people in mental health care and in prisons in the UK. I was also depressed to learn that mixed race children are the ones most likely to be put up for adoption. It’s so obvious that these communities are among those being failed by mental health care practitioners and society at large but very little is done to rectify this in the counselling world. I must admit there were times when acknowledging this and the general ignorance I’ve come across in the field so far in these areas has made me wish to leave the profession but the over-riding feeling has been that actually these facts make it more important for me and others like me to be there representing a different voice and perspective and doing our best to meet the needs of our clients.

I think I’ve noticed a pattern for myself in life in general. There are times when I identify more with being black and more with being white and then times when I feel ‘mixed’. My racial identity definitely feels fluid. It’s been a long hard battle over my life resisting the perimeters others have drawn out for me with regards to race and my identity. When I was studying on the course because I detected a lot of ignorance and some real unwillingness to have open conversations and race and culture (which I experienced as oppressive) I felt more aligned with my black identity and used that to explore what being part black felt like for me in that position. The current debates around asylum seekers in the UK seem to have stoked British racism and news filters in daily from the US around the fight for black lives there. We are not immune to being failed at the hands of the police in the UK either (my family has had personal experience of that) but this seems to get less attention here. Again such issues make me feel more in touch with my black identity and like I need to stand up for issues affecting those in racial minorities.

I was just at work the other day when a colleague said to me ‘You know when you’re family came over in the past seeking asylum…’ I stopped him there. ‘What do you mean?’ I asked. ‘My family were never seeking asylum. My grandfather was in the Royal Air Force. That’s how he ended up in Britain’. Not that I have any issues at all with asylum seekers but it worries me that anyone could adopt the idea that all brown-skinned people in the country could only be here because they have been seeking refuge. I’d love to say assumptions and ignorance of this kind are not the norm but a week without racial micro-aggressions from casual conversations or some aspect of the media or life in society would probably be a week spent at home with a blindfold over my head and ear plugs in my ears. Then people wonder why when you are in a racial minority you are overly pre-occupied with race not realising the extent to which our lives is affected by it. In general the British public seems to have little knowledge about history and race in this country particularly when it comes to the British history of the colonization and slavery, and the ramifications globally of this.

Well I said I would start where I am and I guess this is where I am at the moment when it comes to being mixed race and discussions around race in general. I’m feeling pretty angry. Especially when mixed race people are being hailed as the ‘face of the future’ and evidence that people in general are less racist and more open-minded. I’m just expressing my own experience here but my experience is that people are not more open-minded and we are pretty damn far away from this mixed race utopia that everyone is talking about. I don’t think more mixed race relationships or people in the world are necessarily reducing racism and moving things forwards. I would love to be proved wrong though and I’m waiting and watching.

Nicola Codner is 34 years old and currently training to be a person-centred counsellor in Leeds, UK. She is biracial and her heritage is White British and

Black Caribbean. She has a strong interest in difference and diversity which led her into re-training as a counsellor. Prior to training as a counsellor she worked as a publisher in academic publishing. She’s keen to continue to develop my writing experience hence part of her interest in blogging. She has a degree in English Literature and Psychology.

In her spare time, she loves reading, music, art, theatre, traveling and cinema.